\chapentry{Overview of \code {make}}{1}{1}
\secentry{How to Read This Manual}{1}{1}{1}
\secentry{Problems and Bugs}{1}{2}{1}
\chapentry{An Introduction to Makefiles}{2}{3}
\secentry{What a Rule Looks Like}{2}{1}{3}
\secentry{A Simple Makefile}{2}{2}{4}
\secentry{How \code {make} Processes a Makefile}{2}{3}{5}
\secentry{Variables Make Makefiles Simpler}{2}{4}{6}
\secentry{Letting \code {make} Deduce the Commands}{2}{5}{7}
\secentry{Another Style of Makefile}{2}{6}{7}
\secentry{Rules for Cleaning the Directory}{2}{7}{8}
\chapentry{Writing Makefiles}{3}{9}
\secentry{What Makefiles Contain}{3}{1}{9}
\secentry{What Name to Give Your Makefile}{3}{2}{10}
\secentry{Including Other Makefiles}{3}{3}{10}
\secentry{The Variable \code {MAKEFILES}}{3}{4}{11}
\secentry{The Variable \code {MAKEFILE_LIST}}{3}{5}{12}
\secentry{Other Special Variables}{3}{6}{12}
\secentry{How Makefiles Are Remade}{3}{7}{12}
\secentry{Overriding Part of Another Makefile}{3}{8}{14}
\secentry{How \code {make} Reads a Makefile}{3}{9}{14}
\chapentry{Writing Rules}{4}{17}
\secentry{Rule Syntax}{4}{1}{17}
\secentry{Types of Prerequisites}{4}{2}{18}
\secentry{Using Wildcard Characters in File Names}{4}{3}{18}
\subsecentry{Wildcard Examples}{4}{3}{1}{19}
\subsecentry{Pitfalls of Using Wildcards}{4}{3}{2}{19}
\subsecentry{The Function \code {wildcard}}{4}{3}{3}{20}
\secentry{Searching Directories for Prerequisites}{4}{4}{20}
\subsecentry{\code {VPATH}: Search Path for All Prerequisites}{4}{4}{1}{21}
\subsecentry{The \code {vpath} Directive}{4}{4}{2}{21}
\subsecentry{How Directory Searches are Performed}{4}{4}{3}{22}
\subsecentry{Writing Shell Commands with Directory Search}{4}{4}{4}{23}
\subsecentry{Directory Search and Implicit Rules}{4}{4}{5}{23}
\subsecentry{Directory Search for Link Libraries}{4}{4}{6}{24}
\secentry{Phony Targets}{4}{5}{24}
\secentry{Rules without Commands or Prerequisites}{4}{6}{27}
\secentry{Empty Target Files to Record Events}{4}{7}{27}
\secentry{Special Built-in Target Names}{4}{8}{27}
\secentry{Multiple Targets in a Rule}{4}{9}{30}
\secentry{Multiple Rules for One Target}{4}{10}{30}
\secentry{Static Pattern Rules}{4}{11}{31}
\subsecentry{Syntax of Static Pattern Rules}{4}{11}{1}{31}
\subsecentry{Static Pattern Rules versus Implicit Rules}{4}{11}{2}{33}
\secentry{Double-Colon Rules}{4}{12}{33}
\secentry{Generating Prerequisites Automatically}{4}{13}{34}
\chapentry{Writing the Commands in Rules}{5}{37}
\secentry{Command Echoing}{5}{1}{37}
\secentry{Command Execution}{5}{2}{37}
\secentry{Parallel Execution}{5}{3}{39}
\secentry{Errors in Commands}{5}{4}{40}
\secentry{Interrupting or Killing \code {make}}{5}{5}{41}
\secentry{Recursive Use of \code {make}}{5}{6}{41}
\subsecentry{How the \code {MAKE} Variable Works}{5}{6}{1}{42}
\subsecentry{Communicating Variables to a Sub-\code {make}}{5}{6}{2}{42}
\subsecentry{Communicating Options to a Sub-\code {make}}{5}{6}{3}{44}
\subsecentry{The \samp {--print-directory} Option}{5}{6}{4}{46}
\secentry{Defining Canned Command Sequences}{5}{7}{46}
\secentry{Using Empty Commands}{5}{8}{47}
\chapentry{How to Use Variables}{6}{49}
\secentry{Basics of Variable References}{6}{1}{49}
\secentry{The Two Flavors of Variables}{6}{2}{50}
\secentry{Advanced Features for Reference to Variables}{6}{3}{52}
\subsecentry{Substitution References}{6}{3}{1}{52}
\subsecentry{Computed Variable Names}{6}{3}{2}{53}
\secentry{How Variables Get Their Values}{6}{4}{55}
\secentry{Setting Variables}{6}{5}{55}
\secentry{Appending More Text to Variables}{6}{6}{56}
\secentry{The \code {override} Directive}{6}{7}{57}
\secentry{Defining Variables Verbatim}{6}{8}{58}
\secentry{Variables from the Environment}{6}{9}{59}
\secentry{Target-specific Variable Values}{6}{10}{59}
\secentry{Pattern-specific Variable Values}{6}{11}{60}
\chapentry{Conditional Parts of Makefiles}{7}{61}
\secentry{Example of a Conditional}{7}{1}{61}
\secentry{Syntax of Conditionals}{7}{2}{62}
\secentry{Conditionals that Test Flags}{7}{3}{64}
\chapentry{Functions for Transforming Text}{8}{65}
\secentry{Function Call Syntax}{8}{1}{65}
\secentry{Functions for String Substitution and Analysis}{8}{2}{66}
\secentry{Functions for File Names}{8}{3}{69}
\secentry{The \code {foreach} Function}{8}{4}{71}
\secentry{The \code {if} Function}{8}{5}{72}
\secentry{The \code {call} Function}{8}{6}{72}
\secentry{The \code {value} Function}{8}{7}{73}
\secentry{The \code {eval} Function}{8}{8}{74}
\secentry{The \code {origin} Function}{8}{9}{75}
\secentry{The \code {shell} Function}{8}{10}{76}
\secentry{Functions That Control Make}{8}{11}{77}
\chapentry{How to Run \code {make}}{9}{79}
\secentry{Arguments to Specify the Makefile}{9}{1}{79}
\secentry{Arguments to Specify the Goals}{9}{2}{79}
\secentry{Instead of Executing the Commands}{9}{3}{81}
\secentry{Avoiding Recompilation of Some Files}{9}{4}{82}
\secentry{Overriding Variables}{9}{5}{83}
\secentry{Testing the Compilation of a Program}{9}{6}{83}
\secentry{Summary of Options}{9}{7}{84}
\chapentry{Using Implicit Rules}{10}{89}
\secentry{Using Implicit Rules}{10}{1}{89}
\secentry{Catalogue of Implicit Rules}{10}{2}{90}
\secentry{Variables Used by Implicit Rules}{10}{3}{93}
\secentry{Chains of Implicit Rules}{10}{4}{95}
\secentry{Defining and Redefining Pattern Rules}{10}{5}{96}
\subsecentry{Introduction to Pattern Rules}{10}{5}{1}{97}
\subsecentry{Pattern Rule Examples}{10}{5}{2}{97}
\subsecentry{Automatic Variables}{10}{5}{3}{98}
\subsecentry{How Patterns Match}{10}{5}{4}{100}
\subsecentry{Match-Anything Pattern Rules}{10}{5}{5}{101}
\subsecentry{Canceling Implicit Rules}{10}{5}{6}{102}
\secentry{Defining Last-Resort Default Rules}{10}{6}{102}
\secentry{Old-Fashioned Suffix Rules}{10}{7}{103}
\secentry{Implicit Rule Search Algorithm}{10}{8}{104}
\chapentry{Using \code {make} to Update Archive Files}{11}{107}
\secentry{Archive Members as Targets}{11}{1}{107}
\secentry{Implicit Rule for Archive Member Targets}{11}{2}{107}
\subsecentry{Updating Archive Symbol Directories}{11}{2}{1}{108}
\secentry{Dangers When Using Archives}{11}{3}{108}
\secentry{Suffix Rules for Archive Files}{11}{4}{109}
\chapentry{Features of GNU \code {make}}{12}{111}
\chapentry{Incompatibilities and Missing Features}{13}{115}
\chapentry{Makefile Conventions}{14}{117}
\secentry{General Conventions for Makefiles}{14}{1}{117}
\secentry{Utilities in Makefiles}{14}{2}{118}
\secentry{Variables for Specifying Commands}{14}{3}{119}
\secentry{Variables for Installation Directories}{14}{4}{120}
\secentry{Standard Targets for Users}{14}{5}{123}
\secentry{Install Command Categories}{14}{6}{127}
\appendixentry{Quick Reference}{A}{131}
\appendixentry{Errors Generated by Make}{B}{137}
\appendixentry{Complex Makefile Example}{C}{141}
\appendixentry{GNU Free Documentation License}{D}{147}
\secentry{ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents}{D}{1}{153}
\unnumbchapentry{Index of Concepts}{155}
\unnumbchapentry{Index of Functions, Variables, & Directives}{163}